Have you been the one to deliver the news of a cancer diagnosis? Were you ever responsible for telling a patient that further evaluation was needed to rule out a tumor? Cancer is a difficult word to hear and to say. In these moments, we recognize that not all treatment modalities come in the form of an IV, a scapula or pharmaceuticals.
Words and silence are often the medical tools needed for these moments. Whether you deliver the cancer diagnosis or support during the treatment journey, medical professionals must consider how their interactions with cancer patients can heal or harm.
Patient education is vital. It paves the way for positive long-term outcomes. Yet, when discussing sensitive topics like cancer, empathetic interactions educate and lay a foundation of trust. Patient education is more than delivering information and moving on; it also aims to accomplish the following:
A balance of talking and listening supports healthy conversations. Studies indicate that clear, holistic communication between patients and providers improves outcomes. So, what things should all medical professionals consider when entering sensitive discussions with cancer patients?
America has a history of welcoming people from all across the globe. As a nation, we embrace unique beliefs, cultures and ethnicities. Therefore, healthcare providers need to reflect this core value and consider their patient’s social background.
Familial cultures prioritize the family over the individual. These patients are accustomed to making decisions as a family unit. For the patient’s benefit, providers should consider the whole family in these situations. Ask the patient who needs to be present for medical conversations.
When overlooked, language barriers significantly contribute to poor patient outcomes. Nurses and doctors often speak louder or slower to compensate. However, the patient has a language barrier, not a hearing deficit. Healthcare providers demonstrate genuine care for patient education and outcomes by utilizing communication tools like video remote interpreting.
People digest information differently. Some people process details orally. Others are visual learners. Some feel technologically or educationally challenged.
Regardless of how patients learn, they statistically absorb less than half of the information delivered during patient education. This percentage drastically decreases when people are under high levels of stress.
Cancer conversations are stressful. So, take time to consider the needs of your patient. Ask questions and listen to determine the effectiveness of the education. What things need to be clarified or repeated? Talking with patients about cancer prognosis and treatments requires patience and repetition.
Life-threatening conditions in the pediatric population are devastating. Patients and family members handle cancer diagnoses and details differently. Some want to know likely outcomes and prognoses. Others feel too much information adds unnecessary stress.
Parents of pediatric patients will likely have many questions. Be aware that children hear and understand more than we imagine. Vast amounts of details may be overwhelming or harmful for the pediatric patient.
Conversations with teen cancer patients can be challenging. They are old enough to understand many of the implications of the diagnosis but feel sidelined in the decision-making process. This season of life is emotionally complicated, even without cancer. With the new diagnosis, teens can become emotionally unstable and suicidal.
Healthcare providers must consider what information needs to be shared openly versus privately. Parents are an invaluable resource in navigating conversations with pediatric patients.
Cancer conversations can be nerve-wracking for everyone involved. Even medical professionals often feel awkward or uncomfortable in these conversations. Use those feelings to offer supportive, encouraging and honest communication and care. The best medical professionals are those who compassionately and considerately enter the conversation despite their uneasiness.
Less is more. Silence is okay. Cancer conversations are sacred moments. Don’t devalue the moment with meaningless words.
Evade false optimism: Honesty is foundational in building a trusting relationship with patients and families. Speak truthful words of encouragement and avoid false positiveness.
Avoid these common communication blunders:
“You look skinny. Have you lost weight?”
“Stay positive. You’ve got the good cancer.”
“I know how you feel.”
“You’ll get through this.”
“Don’t worry. We’ve got this.”
Postpone professional pomp: It’s normal to want your patient to be confident in your knowledge, experience and expertise. However, be careful in how you communicate competency and confidence.
Use humor wisely: Humor can relieve stress and provide a reprieve from the seriousness of the situation. However, avoid jokes if the patient is not ready for light-heartedness.
Don’t be easily offended: Patients don’t want to be in the hospital (no matter how outstanding your medical skills are). When they are not their best selves, don’t be offended.
Entering conversations with oncology patients can be challenging and unpredictable. Holistic care is possible as we consider the needs of our patients throughout their cancer treatment.
“Communication in Cancer Care (PDQ®) – Patient Version.” NIH: National Cancer Institute, 2023, Communication in Cancer Care – NCI.
“When Someone You Know Has Cancer.” American Cancer Society, 2023, When Someone You Know Has Cancer | American Cancer Society.
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